At present, the furnace covers of most steelmaking electric furnaces are constructed using masonry refractory bricks. However, this traditional structure comes with a host of drawbacks. One of the most prominent issues is the frequent occurrence of brick cracks. These cracks not only compromise the structural integrity of the furnace cover but also have a cascading effect on its overall performance. As a result, the energy consumption of the furnace increases significantly during operation. Moreover, the service life of such furnace covers is relatively short, which means they need to be replaced frequently. Additionally, the maintenance process for these furnace covers is time - consuming and labor - intensive.
In response to these problems, a tube - type water - cooled furnace cover has been developed for steelmaking electric furnaces. The primary objective of this innovative design is to offer a solution that boasts low energy consumption, an extended service life, and ease of replacement and maintenance.
The key components of this tube - type water - cooled furnace cover are the water - cooled blocks and the furnace cover frame. The water - cooled blocks, which are realized through a specific design, are installed onto the hangers of the furnace cover frame using bolts. Meanwhile, the small furnace cover is mounted on the furnace cover frame via the positioning pins located on the inner ring of the frame, thus forming the complete furnace cover assembly.
The water - cooling block is fabricated by welding closely - arranged elbows, including 180° elbows and 90° elbows. Similarly, the small furnace cover is also welded using these closely - arranged elbows. The furnace cover frame itself is a complex structure welded from several parts: the outer ring, the inlet pipe, the return water main pipe, the return pipe, and the inner ring. The two ends of the inlet pipe, return water main pipe, and return pipe are respectively welded to the outer and inner rings. Hangers are welded onto the inlet pipe, return water main pipe, and return pipe, while lifting lugs and the water inlet main flange are welded onto the outer ring. Positioning pins are then welded onto the inner ring.
The new tube water - cooled furnace cover for steelmaking electric furnaces employs a cooling mechanism that utilizes the water - cooled block and the circulating water within the small furnace cover water pipes. This cooling system effectively dissipates heat, resulting in significantly lower energy consumption compared to traditional refractory brick - structured furnace covers. Under normal operating conditions, the service life of this new - type furnace cover can exceed 1500 furnaces, which is more than 200 times longer than that of a refractory brick - structured furnace cover.
Furthermore, the split - structure design of the furnace cover offers great convenience in terms of replacement and maintenance. When a part of the furnace cover needs to be repaired or replaced, it can be done easily without having to dismantle the entire structure. This not only saves time but also reduces the downtime of the steelmaking electric furnace. Additionally, the split - structure makes the furnace cover easier to transport, as it can be broken down into smaller, more manageable components.
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In conclusion, the tube water - cooled furnace cover for steelmaking electric furnaces presents a significant improvement over traditional refractory brick - structured furnace covers in terms of energy efficiency, service life, and ease of maintenance and transportation.
